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How has Education changed over the years in India?

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How Has Education Changed Over the Years in India?
  • the establishment of the University Grants Commission (UGC) in 1953
  • and the implementation of the National Policy on Education (NPE) in 1968 and 1986.
  • National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: In recent times, with the introduction of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, a significant focus is ensuring that education is accessible and fair for all.
  • ICT Integration: The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has had a significant impact on learning in India. The use of computers, tablets and the internet has completely transformed the educational landscape. Schools often incorporate technology such as interactive whiteboards, projectors and audio-visual aids into their classrooms. These digital tools create an immersive and engaging learning environment.
  • E-learning Platforms: E-learning platforms have been making great strides in providing digital content for students and teachers. One such initiative is DIKSHA, which offers a wide range of resources including textbooks, video lessons and quizzes.
  • Online Education: The COVID-19 has greatly expedited the adoption of online platforms like Zoom, Google Classroom and Microsoft Teams for educational purposes.
  • Government Programs: The National Digital Literacy Mission (NDLM) is a government program that strives to promote digital literacy in every household. The BharatNet project is playing a crucial role in bridging the digital divide by connecting villages with high-speed internet. This initiative is proving to be a game-changer for rural education.
  • Quality of Education: The quality of education varies greatly across different regions, highlighting the disparities between urban and rural areas. Private schools emerged due to the absence of government schools in the village or locality, but unfortunately, many of them are primarily motivated by financial gain.
  • Infrastructure: Unfortunately, numerous schools face a shortage of essential amenities like clean drinking water, functional toilets and adequate classrooms. This lack of infrastructure hampers the learning environment and poses challenges for students and teachers alike.
  • Teacher Training: Insufficient professional development opportunities for teachers lead to outdated teaching methods.
  • Access and Enrollment: Despite improvements, significant portions of the population, especially girls, children with special needs and marginalized communities, still face hurdles in access to education. (Smile Foundation’s Shiksha Na Ruke initiative has been helping children from difficult circumstances continue their education.)
  • Curriculum Relevance: The alignment between the curriculum and the skills required for contemporary jobs is often lacking. There seems to be a dearth of emphasis on critical thinking and practical knowledge. 
  • Evaluation of Policies: When it comes to policies, we should thoroughly evaluate their impact before suggesting any future policy prescriptions.

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